English Web Site:
Afghanistan, The Ministary of Foreign Affair.http://mfa.gov.af.
United Nation Assesstans Mission Afghanistan.
http://unama.unmissions.org
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, http://www.nato.int.
United Nation Organization, https://treaties.un.org.
United States of America, Congressional Research Service. www.crs.gov.
Afghanistan Analysts Network, http://www.aan-afghanistan.org
New Delhi, Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, www.ipcs.org.
Abstract
LEGAL ASPECTS OF (STRATEGIC 2012 AND SECURITY 2014) PACTS BETWEEN AFGHANISTAN AND THE USA.
BY
SAYED MURTAZA ABID
Using the treaties to regulate relations between states and international organizations is a common issue. The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties expresses the principles and rules, which based on countries, can regulate and conclude treaties in their own relationships. Today one of the mostly used treaties by countries to regulate their relationships is strategic treaties or agreement. The strategic agreement is the highest form of treaties which is signed between countries. Based on this Agreement, relationships between the parties, in the sections of economic, political, social, cultural, military and throughput will improve. After September ۱۱th 2001 and the formation of a new government in Afghanistan, it has signed many treaties with regional and trans-regional states. One of these treaties is the strategic agreement between Afghanistan and the USA. This agreement that consists of eight parts and 34 Articles; regulates relations between the two countries since the 2014 until the end of 2024, in the economic, social, political, and military areas. The third part of this strategic partnership, set up military relationship between the two countries, referred to the bilateral security agreement between the parties will be sign in the future. This bilateral security pact was signed between the two countries on September 30, 2014. In international law, a bilateral security pact refers to formal contracts signed between the two countries, based on mutual support and commitment to provide military assistance in the event of crisis and war. These two strategic and security Agreements in the above, America has committed to examining the economic, political, social, and military cooperation with Afghanistan’s. The government of Afghanistan accepted to establish America’s military bases in Afghanistan’s territorial, judicial immunity, and financial and non-financial benefits to their forecasts. Studying these two treaties shows that the government of the USA used the military and political influence in Afghanistan; to adjust the treaties advantage is taken. Obligations of the parties in these treaties are set unbalanced, contrary to the constitution, independence, and sovereignty of the government of Afghanistan. These treaties will be cause insecurity and legal problems in relations between Afghanistan and its neighbors.
Key words: Strategic agreement, Security Agreement, Military bases, judicial immunity, Sovereignty and Independent, International law.
Shiraz University
Faculty of Law and Political Science
M.A. Thesis in
International law
LEGAL ASPECTS OF
(STRATEGIC 2012 AND SECURITY 2014) PACTS BETWEEN AFGHANISTAN AND THE USA
By
Sayed Murtaza Abid
Supervised By
Dr. F. Talaie
January 2015
.Ultimatum ↑
.ISAF(International Security Assistance Force) ↑
.NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) ↑
. Strategic Agreement ↑
. Security Agreement ↑
. لوی جرگه: فصل ششم، اصل ۱۱۰ قانون اساسی افغانستان، لوی جرگه را عالی‌ترین مظهر اراده مردم افغانستان اعلام می‌دارد که اعضای آن عبارت است از ۱٫ اعضای پارلمان ۲٫ رؤسای شورای ولایتی (استان) و شهرستان‌ها ۳٫ رئیس و اعضای دادگاه عالی ۳٫ دادستان کل بدون حق رأی. این جرگه مطابق قانون اساسی در مواردی مهم مانند استقلال، حاکمیت ملی و تمامیت ارضی و مصالح علیای کشور، تعدیل قانون اساسی، محاکمه رئیس‌جمهور دایر و اتخاذ تصمیم می‌نمایند. برای مطالعه بیشتر: ر.ک. قانون اساسی افغانستان مصوب ۱۳۸۲، فصل ششم، لوی جرگه. ↑

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. B.B.C Persian. ↑
. ICC (International Criminal Court) ↑
. Security & Defense Treaty ↑
. ساعد، نادر، حقوق بین‌الملل معاصر (نظریه‌ها و رویه‌ها) انتشارات خرسندی، چاپ اول، تهران ۱۳۸۷، صص، ۲۱۸٫ ۲۲۰٫ ↑
. Defence Alliance: نوعی از پیمان یا اتحاد است که برای دفع حمله دیگران و حفظ وضع موجود انعقاد می‌یابد و متعهدین، ملزم به دفاع از هم‌پیمانی هستند که موردحمله مسلحانه قرار گیرد. ↑
.Offense Unity Alliance: نوعی از پیمان یا اتحاداست که به‌منظور کشورگشایی یا تفوق بر سایر دول میان دو یا چند کشور بسته می‌شود. ↑
↑
. The United Nations Organization ↑
. براون لی، یان، نظر اجمالی بر حقوق معاهدات، ترجمه احمد قرنطینه، مجله حقوقی شماره پنجم، بهار ۱۳۸۵، ص ۱۷۹٫ ↑
. عمید، حسن، فرهنگ فارسی، ناشر، راه رشد، چاپ اول، تهران ۱۳۸۹، ص ۹۵۶٫ ↑
. ضیایی بیگدلی، محمدرضا، حقوق معاهدات بین‌المللی، انتشارات گنج دانش، چاپ دوم، تهران ۱۳۸۴، ص ۹٫ ↑
.The United Nation Treaty Collition, Vienna Convention on th Law of treaties (With annex).Concluded at Vienna on 23 May 1969.
https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publiction/UNTS/Volume%201155/volume. 1155. l. 18232. English.pdf. Pp, 332. 512, p, 333. ↑
. ضیایی بیگدلی، پیشین، ص ۱۰٫ ↑
. معادل انگلیسی آن Treaty است. ↑